Titanium tubes are industrial pipes made from titanium metal or titanium alloy as raw materials, featuring excellent properties such as light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance. According to different usage requirements, titanium tubes can be made of various materials, mainly classified into the following categories:
Industrial pure titanium : Common grades include TA0, TA1, TA2, TA9, TA10, etc. It has good plasticity, weldability and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in the fields of chemical engineering, power, seawater desalination, etc.
α type titanium alloys : such as TA7 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn), which have good stability at high temperatures, are often used in aerospace engine components.
α+β type titanium alloys : The most typical one is Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) , which combines high strength and good machinability. It is one of the most widely used titanium alloys at present and is suitable for aircraft structural components, medical implants, etc.
β type titanium alloys : such as TB2 and TB18, can be strengthened by heat treatment and are used for high-strength structural components.
The selection of these materials depends on specific working conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and the corrosiveness of the medium. For instance, in highly corrosive environments such as seawater and chloride solutions, TA10 (containing molybdenum-nickel alloy) demonstrates superior resistance to pitting corrosion. In the aerospace field, high-strength TC4 titanium alloy is more favored.
Key Parameter Comparison Table for Titanium Pipe Selection Under Different Operating Conditions
| Grade | Type | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Max Service Temp (°C) | Corrosion Resistance | Typical Applications |
|---|
| TA1 | Commercially Pure Ti | 420 | — | 300 | Excellent in seawater, chloride, and mild acids | Chemical processing equipment, heat exchangers (low pressure) |
| TA2 | Commercially Pure Ti | 500 | — | 300 | High resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion | Condensers, desalination plants, cooling systems |
| TA3 | Commercially Pure Ti | 600 | — | 300 | Good general corrosion resistance | Medium-pressure gas storage, small vessels |
| TA7 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn) | α Alloy | ≥785 | — | 500 | Stable in oxidizing and high-temp environments | Cryogenic tanks (LOX/LH2), aerospace engine casings |
| TA7ELI | α Alloy (Extra Low Interstitial) | ≥785 | — | 500 | Superior toughness at -253°C, excellent cryogenic performance | Space-grade liquid oxygen/hydrogen lines |
| TC3 | α+β Alloy | 1100 | 1000 | 400 | Moderate oxidation resistance | High-pressure gas cylinders, rocket structures |
| TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) | α+β Alloy | ≥895 | ≥825 | 400 | Good resistance to stress corrosion cracking | Jet engine compressors, aircraft frames, medical implants |
| TC6 | α+β Alloy | — | — | 450 | High thermal stability | Turbine blades, hot-section components |
| TA8 | α Alloy | 1040–1100 | ≥980 | 500 | High strength at elevated temperatures | High-pressure oxygen lines, aerospace high-temp parts |
| TB2 | β Alloy | — | — | 300 | Can be heat-treated for high strength | Landing gear, high-strength fasteners |
| TB6 | β Alloy | >1100 | — | 400 | High hardenability, excellent strength-to-density ratio | Large forgings, structural aerospace components |
| TB8 (β-21S) | β Alloy | — | — | 450 | Oxidation resistant, formable into ultra-thin sheets | Thermal protection systems, precision aerospace parts |
Selection Guidelines:
- Low Pressure / General Corrosion Resistance: Prefer TA1/TA2, cost-effective with excellent seawater and chloride resistance.
- High-Pressure Systems: Avoid commercially pure titanium; use TA8, TC3, or TC4 for higher yield strength.
- Cryogenic Applications (e.g., liquid oxygen/hydrogen): Must use TA7ELI due to superior low-temperature toughness.
- High-Temperature Aerospace Components: Recommend TC4, TC6, or TC11, balancing strength and thermal stability.
- High-Strength Structural Parts: Choose heat-treatable alloys like TC4 or TB6.
✅ This table aligns with ASTM B363 and ASME B16.9 standards for titanium butt-welding fittings and seamless/welded tubing.